This series consists of family and business correspondence. The early years (1773-1800) contain mostly family letters and include letters of Henry and Eliza Bird (sister and brother-in-law of Sarah Manning Vaughan), William Manning, William Vaughan, John Vaughan, Sarah (Manning) Vaughan, Charles Vaughan, Samuel Vaughan, and members of Benjamin Vaughan's family. Correspondence of 1800-1830 mainly concerns business affairs of Benjamin, William O., and Petty Vaughan with various merchants and agents in England and America. (See Vaughan bound volumes for Petty Vaughan's letterbooks.) There is a continuous correspondence between William O. Vaughan and Gideon Snow, his agent in Boston, from around 1802 until Vaughan's death in 1826. Robert Hallowell Gardiner (1782-1864), a cousin of the Vaughans, is also a frequent correspondent in this time period. Also included are letters of Charles and Samuel Vaughan (brothers of Benjamin). Many letters surrounding 1820 concern the financial difficulties of William O. Vaughan. Some letters have been individually catalogued in the MHS manuscript catalog, which is available in the Society's reading room.

Letters of the 1840s include drafts or retained copies of letters written by Sarah Vaughan (daughter of Benjamin); correspondence of John Merrick; and correspondence of John P. Flagg (beginning in 1845), husband of Mary (Merrick) Flagg and owner of an iron foundry in Hallowell. Letters of Charles Vaughan (1804-1878) begin in 1848; William M. Vaughan correspondence begins in 1855; William W. Vaughan begins in the 1870s; and Benjamin Vaughan (son of William M. Vaughan) appears in 1891.

This series contains military papers of William O. and Petty Vaughan, a colonel and lieutenant, respectively, in the Maine Militia in the years surrounding the War of 1812. Papers include: regimental, division, and brigade orders; appointments; accounts; returns; election reports; inspection rolls; company rolls; and some correspondence.

These papers consist of numerous shipping papers, notes, orders, accounts, bills, receipts, canceled checks, deeds, agreements, and bills of exchange having to do with the Vaughan family's vast business and property concerns. Benjamin, William O., and Petty Vaughan were active in shipping lumber to England and the West Indies and importing commodities for sale on the Kennebec River.

Carton 12 (1802) contains valuations of Samuel Vaughan's Jamaica plantations, including lists of enslaved people divided into men, women, and children. About 300 enslaved people worked on the Vaughan plantations in Jamaica.

Carton 21 contains papers of specific ships, the Adeline and the Caroline, both seized for illegal trade with Great Britain during the War of 1812 (correspondence concerning these ships is located in the Vaughan correspondence section); and papers of the schooner Hannah and ships Hoogley and Liverpool Packet to Calcutta, on which William Manning Vaughan served as supercargo, 1828-1831.

The later years (1830s-1850s) contain many papers dealing with land transactions in Harmony and Dover, Me. and papers of the ship John Merrick, launched in 1849. The 1850s also include papers of the Female Benevolent Society of Hallowell, of which Mary (Merrick) Flagg was treasurer. Some papers of the 1860s concern the estate of John Merrick (d. 1862).

The records of the First Parish Church in Cambridge, Mass., which were in the possession of William Manning Vaughan, are included in the papers of the 1870s and 1880s, along with some papers of the Cambridge Social Union, of which he was a member.

This series contains materials relating to the Maine Agricultural Society and other agricultural matters, as well as items such as poetry, inventories, miscellaneous notes of Benjamin and Sarah Vaughan (daughter of Benjamin), and medical notes of Benjamin Vaughan. Carton 22 also contains genealogical information on the Vaughan family, including several printed works; deeds and materials relating to lands in Hallowell; and some modern correspondence relating to the Vaughan family and their papers. Some items in carton 22 have been separately catalogued in the MHS manuscript catalog, which is available in the Society's reading room.

The bound volumes consist of Petty Vaughan's letterbooks, 1810-1814; account books, 1804-1858; business records; bank books; and miscellaneous volumes. These include: penmanship booklets, a child's poetry booklet, a pocket journal of Sarah Vaughan (1843), a scrapbook of William M. Vaughan, a book of riddles, the records of the "Composition Club" (1768), and a catalogue of books (1836), probably the library of Benjamin Vaughan. Some items in this series have been separately catalogued in the MHS manuscript catalog, which is available in the Society's reading room.

Ebenezer T. Warren's correspondence relates mostly to his legal and political concerns, especially Federalist politics and the statehood of Maine. Many items in the section have been individually catalogued in the MHS manuscript catalog, which is available in the Society's reading room. Also included are personal letters from Warren's father Ebenezer Warren (1749-1824); correspondence of his brother Samuel S. Warren; and correspondence with other family members and friends in Boston. Some of the later letters (1820s) are between Warren and his wife Abiah (Morse) Warren, when he was in Illinois inspecting real estate. Letters after Warren's death are mostly drafts by Abiah Warren concerning her late husband's affairs and land holdings in Illinois.

This series contains writs and orders from hundreds of cases for which Warren and his brother Samuel S. Warren served as attorneys. Warren's private business papers are also included, such as accounts, bills, receipts, notes, and orders. The years 1803-1806 include papers from the partnership of Warren and Eleazer Wheelock Ripley (1782-1839).

Carton 32 contains scattered items concerning the Kennebec Bank, of which Warren was president. Cartons 36 and 37 contain scattered items concerning the First Baptist Meeting House (or Church) in Hallowell. Carton 39 contains the papers of John Chandler, sheriff of Kennebec County, 1808-1812, for whom Warren was attorney in many cases of default by Chandler's deputy sheriffs. Carton 39 also includes papers of the estate of Nathaniel Perley (1770-1824), a prominent lawyer in Hallowell and representative in the Massachusetts General Court, 1804 and 1816; estate papers of Benjamin Ring; and papers of Samuel Curtis.

This series contains court dockets, 1799-1826, including those of the Kennebec Court of Common Pleas and Augusta Court of Common Pleas; Kennebec County officer appointments, 1817-1828; a diary kept by Abiah Warren (1829-1830); account books; and receipt books. There are also two volumes of the Massachusetts Register, 1810 and 1811, with Warren's court appointments noted in manuscript.

Included are patent and accompanying papers of Oliver Evans for improvements in manufacturing flour and meal; a receipt book for bills of exchange, 1819-1824; William O. Vaughan's passport; the crew list of the ship Superior, 1820; Vaughan military papers (rolls and orders); an account book, possibly of W. O. Vaughan, 1822-1824; miscellaneous Vaughan and Warren correspondence; and 1802 lists of enslaved people at the Vaughan Jamaica estates.